Contributing Writers: F. Stephen Hodi, MD and Lauren Cerruto
Contributing Editor: F. Stephen Hodi, MD
Editor-in-Chief: Jeffrey S. Weber, MD, PhD
Efforts to develop immunotherapies for cancer have historically involved vaccines and individual cytokines, which have produced benefits to only a small percentage of patients.
Recently, improved understanding of immune processes, such as the role of T-cell costimulatory molecules and regulatory molecules, has led to renewed efforts to develop immunotherapies to treat cancer. Current clinical trials are utilizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to modulate costimulatory effects in the treatment of a variety of cancers. For example, two fully humanized mAbs that block cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) have advanced to phase III clinical studies in metastatic melanoma. Antitumor activity has been observed in melanoma and other malignancies after treatment with anti-CTLA-4 antibodies, as well as the potential for autoimmune-related toxicities.
Rationale for Targeting CTLA-4 in Patients with Cancer
http://www.livingmedicaltextbook.org/Activity/index.cfm?showfile=b&jn=1843&sj=1843.04
Living Medical Textbook Targeting Immune Stimulation: Clinical Application of Immunology
Jimmy B
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